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Refugee: Its History, Factors and Consequences

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Refugee Generally, a refugee is a person who takes shelter in another country for fear of persecution or threat to his life. According to UNHCR, a Refugee is a person forced to flee their country because of violence or persecution. 67% of refugees worldwide come from just five countries-Syria, Afghanistan, South Sudan, Myanmar and Somalia. By the statistics of UNHCR, at present, 70.8 million people are Refugee worldwide. Different types of Refugee 1. Convention Refugee-  Convention refugee means a person who is recognized as a refugee by the States under the criteria in Art. 1A of the Geneva Refugee Convention and Protocol, and entitled to the enjoyment of various rights under that Convention. 2. Mandate Refugee-  Mandate refugee means the person who is recognized as refugees by UNHCR acting under its statute's authority and relevant UN General Assembly resolutions. Mandate status is especially significant in States that are not parties to the 1951 Convention or its 1967 Proto...

Migration: Its History, Factors and Consequences

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Definition of Migration According to International Organization for Migration (IOM), Migration means the movement of persons away from their place of usual residence, either across an international border or within a State. It is the movement of a person or a group of people to settle in another place, often across a political or administrative boundary. Migration can be temporal or permanent, and it may be voluntary or forced. According to Section-2(1) of the Overseas Employment and Migrants Act 2013 Migration means the departure of a citizen from Bangladesh for employment in a trade or profession in any foreign country. Human migration is described as the movement of people from one location to another, especially between countries, to settle in the new area either temporarily or permanently. It usually entails long-distance travel from one country or area to another. Since time immemorial, human beings have been migrating from one location to another, from one nation to ...

Rohingya Refugee Crisis

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  Rohingya Refugee Crisis  The Rohingya refugee crisis is a very complex case. The Rohingya have been persecuted since the 1970s. In 1982, the military junta in Myanmar passed a citizenship law that listed 135 ethnic groups entitled to citizenship, which excluded the Rohingya who had enjoyed citizenship rights since independence in 1948. As a result, all Rohingya legally lost their citizenship and became stateless overnight.  The conflict between Muslim Rohingya and Buddhists in the Rakhine State intensified in 2012, 2015, 2016, and 2017.  In June and October 2012, Arakanese political party members, Buddhist monks themselves, and ordinary Arakanese organized, incited violence and attacked Rohingya and Kaman Muslim communities. As a result of this violence, at least 125,000 Muslims were displaced internally. Many were killed and buried in mass graves.  https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-41566561 Causes and effects of the current crisis Since late August 2017, mo...